Christine Lang studied biology in Bochum and Brighton, UK. She was awarded her doctorate in Bochum in 1985.
After working as a scientist and group leader in the chemical industry, she moved to the Technical University of Berlin in 1993, where she habilitated in microbiology and molecular genetics. She is an adjunct professor of microbiology and molecular genetics.
In 2001, she established Organobalance GmbH, a company specializing in new microbial agents and strains, and served as its managing director until 2018.
From 2012 to 2019, she served as co-chair of the German Federal Government's Bioeconomy Council. She co-chairs the International Advisory Council on Global Bioeconomy (IACGB) think tank. She is the head of the Biobased Future Foundation.